1. Physical activity / Muscle strenght / Exercise capacity |
NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
0.87 [-0.79, 2.52] |
Very low |
It may increase exercise capacity but the evidence is very uncertain |
0 |
0 |
[, ] |
N/A |
0 |
0.87 [-0.79, 2.52] |
Low |
2. COPD symptoms (short term) / Dyspnea or breathlessness |
NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
-0.38 [-1.88, 1.12] |
Low |
It may have little to no effect on dysnea but the evidence is very uncertain |
0 |
0 |
[, ] |
N/A |
1.0 |
-0.38 [-1.88, 1.12] |
0.0 |
3. Coping with the disease, including depression and anxiety / Anxiety |
NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
-0.47 [-0.86, -0.08] |
Low |
It may result in little to no difference in anxiety |
0 |
0 |
[, ] |
N/A |
1.0 |
-0.47 [-0.86, -0.08] |
0.0 |
4. Self-efficacy |
NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
1.47 [-1.91, 4.85] |
Low |
It may result in a large increase in self-efficacy |
0 |
0 |
[, ] |
N/A |
1.0 |
1.47 [-1.91, 4.85] |
Low |
5. Exacerbation / Exacerbations |
NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Relative effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Relative effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
-25.417220399999998 [-38.3297343, 38.271476099999994] |
Low |
It may result in little to no difference in exacerbations |
0 |
0 |
[, ] |
N/A |
1.0 |
-0.94 [-2.54, 0.65] |
Low |
6. Coping with the disease, including depression and anxiety / Depression |
NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
-0.65 [-1.2, -0.1] |
Low |
It may result in a slight decrease in depression |
0 |
0 |
[, ] |
N/A |
N/A |
-0.65 [-1.2, -0.1] |
Low |
7. Mortality / All causes of mortality |
NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Relative effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Relative effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
-1.06 [-7.58, 73.88] |
Low |
It may result in little to no difference in mortality (all cause) |
0 |
0 |
[, ] |
N/A |
1.0 |
-0.14 [-2.58, 2.3] |
Low |
Footnotes per outcome:
1) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to very serious imprecision 2) a) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to ,serious risk of bias,very imprecision;b) Number of studies included in the network: 48 RCTs; Number of studies directly comparing the intervention with usual care: 0 RCT(s) (N=0); Number of comparison(s) informing the indirect estimate: 1 comparison(s). 3) a) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to serious of bias and serious imprecision; b) Number of studies included in the network: 25 RCTs; Number of studies directly comparing the intervention with usual care: 0 RCT(s) (N=0); Number of comparison(s) informing the indirect estimate: 1 comparison(s). 4) a) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to serious risk of bias, serious imprecision;b) Number of studies included in the network: 25 RCTs; Number of studies directly comparing the intervention with usual care: 0 RCT(s) (N=0); Number of comparison(s) informing the indirect estimate: 1 comparison(s). 5) a) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to very serious risk of bias;b) Number of studies included in the network: 15 RCTs; Number of studies directly comparing the intervention with usual care: 0 RCT(s) (N=0); Number of comparison(s) informing the indirect estimate: 1 comparison(s). The range of follow up was from 1 to 24 months for the studies included in the whole network. The range of follow-up was months in the studies directly comparing the self-management intervention versus usual care. 6) a) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to serious risk of bias, and serious imprecision;b) Number of studies included in the network: 30 RCTs; Number of studies directly comparing the intervention with usual care: 0 RCT(s) (N=0); Number of comparison(s) informing the indirect estimate: comparison(s). 7) a) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to serious risk of bias and serious imprecision; b) Number of studies included in the network: 15 RCTs; Number of studies directly comparing the intervention with usual care: 0 RCT(s) (N=0); Number of comparison(s) informing the indirect estimate: 1 comparison(s).
References of studies informing direct evidence:
N/A
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