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The MMRC stratifies the severity of dyspnea in respiratory disease, particularly COPD and is a 5-item list in which the patient can indicate his own level of impairment. List is based on GOLD-criteria.
Year: 1988 Authors: Mahler Disease: COPD Outcome: COPD symptoms (short term)
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Measure: Dyspnea or breathlessness
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Number of RCTs that used this tool (in our study): 21
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Scale: Lower scores are better Reference: Mahler, D. A., & Wells, C. K. (1988). Evaluation of clinical methods for rating dyspnea. Chest, 93(3), 580–586.
Target population: General population Focus Disease specific Translations available: Yes Original version validated: Yes Original language: English Form of delivery: Self-reported Licence needed: Yes 10.1378/chest.93.3.580


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