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The PHQ-9 is a widely used self-report screening measure for depression that corresponds to the nine diagnostic symptoms of a major depressive episode. Items are scored on a 4-point scale (0 = not at all, 3 = nearly every day; total scores range from 0 to 27). A cut score ≥10 suggests the presence of clinically significant depression with favorable specificity and sensitivity. As such, PHQ-9 total score is both treated as a continuous variable and dichotomized into clinical symptoms of depres-sion (≥10) and no depression (<10).
Year: 2001 Authors: Spitzer et al Disease: COPD Outcome: Coping with the disease, including depression and anxiety
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Measure: Depression
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Number of RCTs that used this tool (in our study): 2
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Scale: Lower scores are better, scores range 0-27 Reference: Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of general internal medicine, 16(9), 606–613.
Target population: General population Focus Generic Translations available: Yes Original version validated: Yes Original language: English Form of delivery: Self-reported Licence needed: No 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x