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The HADS is a questionnaire widely used for detecting anxiety and depressive disorders. It consists of 14 items, seven of which relate to anxiety symptoms and seven to depressive symptoms.
Year: 1983 Authors: Zigmond et al. Disease: Heart Failure Outcome: Caregiver quality of life
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Measure: Caregiver quality of life
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Number of RCTs that used this tool (in our study): 2
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Scale: Lower scores are better, scores range 0-21 Reference: Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta psychiatrica scandinavica, 67(6), 361-370.
Target population: General population Focus Generic Translations available: Yes Original version validated: Yes Original language: English Form of delivery: Self-reported Licence needed: Yes 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x