| 1. Number of emergency room visits and admissions / All-cause hospital admissions |
| NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
| Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Relative effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Relative effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
| 7.5665099999999965 [-31.034609999999997, 194.19339] |
Moderate |
It likely results in little to no difference in all cause admission |
0 |
0 |
[, ] |
N/A |
1.0 |
0.17 [-1.41, 1.74] |
Moderate |
| 2. Number of emergency room visits and admissions / Emergency room/department visits |
| NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
| Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Relative effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Relative effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
| 0.8548 [0.3385, 2.158] |
Low |
It may have little to no effect in emergency room admission |
0 |
0 |
[, ] |
N/A |
1.0 |
-0.16 [-1.08, 0.77] |
Moderate |
| 3. Mortality / All causes of mortality |
| NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
| Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Relative effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Relative effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
| 18.1 [-3.35, 134.44] |
Low |
It may increase mortality (all cause) |
0 |
0 |
[, ] |
N/A |
1.0 |
1.17 [-0.53, 2.86] |
Moderate |
Footnotes per outcome:
1) a) Number of studies included in the network: 19 RCTs; Number of studies directly comparing the intervention with usual care: 0 RCT(s) (N=0); Number of comparison(s) informing the indirect estimate: 1 comparison(s). The range of follow up was from 1 to 24 months for the studies included in the whole network. The range of follow-up was months in the studies directly comparing the self-management intervention versus usual care.; b) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to serious imprecision
2) We rated down the certainty of the evidence due to very serious risk of bias
3) a) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to serious imprecision and serious risk of bias; b) Number of studies included in the network: 15 RCTs; Number of studies directly comparing the intervention with usual care: 0 RCT(s) (N=0); Number of comparison(s) informing the indirect estimate: 1 comparison(s).
References of studies informing direct evidence:
N/A
|
