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The HADS measures core complaints of anxiety and depression without involving physical complaints. The scale examines feelings in the past four weeks and consists of an anxiety scale and a depression scale with 7 items each. The higher a patient scores on this questionnaire, the more complaints he / she experiences. Note: In addition to the four-week time frame, there is also a version that starts from the last week.
Year: 1983 Authors: Zigmond et al Disease: COPD Outcome: Coping with the disease, including depression and anxiety
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Measure: Depression
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Number of RCTs that used this tool (in our study): 29
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Scale: Lower scores are better Reference: Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361–370.
Target population: General population Focus Generic Translations available: Yes Original version validated: Yes Original language: English Form of delivery: Self-reported Licence needed: Yes 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x


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