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PAID-5 comprises five of the emotional-distress questions of the full PAID items (PAID-5, with items 3, 6, 12, 16, 19). Total scores on the PAID-5 can range from 0 to 20, with higher scores suggesting greater diabetes-related emotional distress
Year: 1995 Authors: Polonsky Disease: T2DM Outcome: Quality of life
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Measure: Psychological distress
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Number of RCTs that used this tool (in our study): 0
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Scale: Lower scores are better Reference: Polonsky, W. H., Anderson, B. J., Lohrer, P. A., Welch, G., Jacobson, A. M., Aponte, J. E., & Schwartz, C. E. (1995). Assessment of diabetes-related distress. Diabetes care, 18(6), 754–760.
Target population: General population Focus Disease specific Notes Diabetes patients Translations available: Yes Original version validated: Yes Original language: English Form of delivery: Self-reported Licence needed: No 10.2337/diacare.18.6.754