| 1. COPD symptoms (short term) / Dyspnea or breathlessness |
| NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
| Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
| -0.21 [-1.61, 1.19] |
Very low |
It may have little to no effect on dysnea but the evidence is very uncertain |
1 |
90 |
-0.21 [-1.61, 1.19] |
Low |
0.0 |
NA [NA, NA] |
NA |
| 2. Physical activity / Muscle strenght / Exercise capacity |
| NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
| Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
| -0.1 [-1.63, 1.42] |
Low |
It may result in little to no difference in exercise capacity |
1 |
90 |
-0.1 [-1.63, 1.42] |
Moderate |
0 |
N/A |
NA |
| 3. Qualiy of life / Quality of life (specific-disease instruments) |
| NMA |
Direct |
Indirect |
| Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Interpretation of findings |
Number of studies |
Number of patients |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
Number of comparisons informing indirect evidence |
Anticipated absolute effects (95% CI) - Difference |
Certainty of the evidence |
| 0.0 [-1.23, 1.23] |
Very low |
It may have little to no effect on quality of life (specific-disease instruments) but the evidence is very uncertain |
1 |
90 |
0.0 [-1.23, 1.23] |
Low |
8.0 |
NA [NA, NA] |
NA |
Footnotes per outcome:
1) a) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to very serious risk of bias, , ,,very imprecision;b) Number of studies included in the network: 48 RCTs; Number of studies directly comparing the intervention with usual care: 1 RCT(s) (N=64); Number of comparison(s) informing the indirect estimate: 0 comparison(s). The range of follow up was from 1 to 24 months for the studies included in the whole network. The range of follow-up was 2 months in the studies directly comparing the self-management intervention versus usual care.
2) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to very serious imprecision and serious risk of bias
3) a) We rated down the certainty of evidence due to very serious risk of bias, and very serious imprecision;b) Number of studies included in the network: 8 RCTs; Number of studies directly comparing the intervention with usual care: 1 RCT(s) (N=64); Number of comparison(s) informing the indirect estimate: 0 comparison(s). The range of follow up was from 1 to 24 months for the studies included in the whole network. The range of follow-up was 2 months in the studies directly comparing the self-management intervention versus usual care.
References of studies informing direct evidence:
1) Bourne-2017
2) Bourne-2017
3) Bourne-2017
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