The PCS is a six-item measure reflecting an individual’s perception of cohesion relative to the group. To capture the sense of belonging, they designed three items: (a) “I feel a sense of belonging to ..,” (b) “I feel that I am a member of the community,” and (c) “I see myself as part of the community.” To capture feelings of morale, three items were used: (a) “I am enthusiastic about ________,” (b) “I am happy to be at [live in] ________,” and (c) “________ is one of the best schools [cities] in the nation.” Responses are recorded on Likert-type scales ranging from 0 (strongly disagree) to 10 (strongly agree).